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backbone

B2 noun
us /ˈbækˌboʊn/

backbone /ˈbækˌbəʊn/ nghĩa là xương sống

Các nghĩa

  1. xương sống

    The series of vertebrae, separated by disks, that encloses and protects the spinal cord, and runs down the middle of the back in vertebrate animals.

    countable

    Tom has no backbone.

    He is an American to the backbone.

    Invertebrates have no backbone or spinal column.

  2. trụ cột, nền tảng

    Any fundamental support, structure, or infrastructure.

    countable · figuratively

    Before automobiles, railroads were a backbone of commerce.

    The backbone of our research is an extensive corpus of contemporary spoken Esperanto.

  3. nghị lực, bản lĩnh

    Courage, fortitude, or strength.

    figuratively · uncountable

    He would make a good manager, if he had a little more backbone.

    [Indiana:] I hate snakes, Jock! I hate 'em! [Jock:] Come on! Show a little backbone, will ya!

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